Can you get safety glasses with the transition lenses(clear inside/sunglasses out) that aren't prescription?

Yes. Safety glasses are essentially polycarbonate material with the thinnest portion of the lens meeting a specific requirement. Your optician will know how thick it has to be. To this you can have added the transitional lens treatment that will make the lenses reactive to sunlight. I have exactly this type of lens in a pair of glasses I use for surfing.